我国农机购置补贴政策的发展历程、政策效应与存在问题

Development History,Policy Effect and Existing Problems of Farm Machinery Purchase Subsidy Policy in China

建国以来,我国农机补贴政策大致经历了计划经济下的农机补贴、农机购置补贴试点和农机购置补贴全面实施3个阶段。农机购置补贴政策对农机供需双方均具有显著的正影响,有力促进了农机工业的发展和调动了农户购买农机的积极性。但农机购置补贴仍存在补贴名额供不应求、补贴力度不够、售后服务意识不强及农民农机培训较少的问题。农机购置补贴对粮食主产地区的影响较为显著,未来农机购置补贴政策应向这些地区倾斜,同时还需进一步加大补贴和服务力度。

The farm machinery subsidy policy has undergone three stages of farm machinery subsidy under the planned economy, farm machinery purchase subsidy pilot project and fully implementing farm machinery purchase subsidy since the founding of new China. The farm machinery purchase subsidy policy has the significant positive effects on supply and requisitioning parties of farm machinery, effectively promotes development of farm machinery industry and inspires the enthusiasm of farmer households to purchase farm machinery. There are the problems of insufficient subsidy quota, insufficient subsidy intensity, poor after-sales service awareness and less farm machinery training during implementation process of farm machinery purchase subsidy policy. The implementation intensity of the farm machinery purchase subsidy policy should be strengthened in future because the farm machinery purchase subsidy policy has the significant effect on major grain-producing regions. The subsidy and service intensity should be further increased at the same time.