国际终身教职研究的热点主题与知识基础探析——基于1916-2015年SSCI数据库的文献计量研究

Tenure in Higher Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Relevant Research Published in Academic Journals Included in SSCI Database(1916-2015)

终身教职制度是美国高校教师聘任的基本制度,它为美国高等教育的发展、学术自由思想的奠定以及教师职业安全的保障做出了杰出贡献。本文基于web of science检索平台下的SSCI数据库中1916-2015年终身教职研究的897篇文献,运用Cite Space软件对其作者、关键词和参考文献进行统计,发现研究热点主要有对两性的差异以及女性晋升中不公平待遇的关注、对晋升和绩效问题的研究;高被引文献主要集中于终身教职的晋升标准、影响晋升的因素以及终身教职面临的危机与挑战这三个领域。基于此,我国高校在进行人事制度改革时应强调绩效管理理念、坚持非升即走的管理制度,建立能进能出的教师聘任与淘汰机制是历史的必然。

Tenure,a defining feature of U. S. higher education throughout the 20 th century,provides qualified faculty members a guarantee of academic freedom,faculty rank,and continued employment opportunity. The present paper is a bibliometric analysis of 897 articles on academic tenure published from 1916 to 2015 in academic journals included in SSCI database. Utilizing Cite Space software to explore the patterns and trends in academic tenure research,we find that(1) gender discrimination or unfair treatment of female faculty,criteria for faculty promotion and performance evaluation,and factors influencing faculty promotion have emerged as hot topics in this field of study;(2) highly cited papers in this field also mainly talked about the criteria for tenure,factors influencing promotion and tenure,as well as the crisis and challenges facing tenure-track academics today. Drawing lessons from the US experience in academic tenure,colleges and universities in China today should also follow a performance-based approach to higher education management,and adopt the 'publish or perish'policy in faculty recruitment,selection and promotion.