埃德温·戈登的音乐能力倾向理论及其启示

Edwin Gordon’s Theory of Music Aptitude and Its Enlightenment

音乐能力倾向理论是埃德温·戈登提出的。他认为，音乐能力倾向是与生俱来的潜能，是个体进行音乐学习的基础，是遗传与早期经验结合的产物，是可变和发展的，儿童早期的音乐环境质量是其音乐能力倾向发展的重要因素，“听想”是音乐能力倾向的基础，音乐能力倾向由至少二十个维度组成。为了解儿童的音乐能力倾向发展水平，戈登主持编制了多套音乐能力倾向测试工具。戈登的音乐能力倾向理论为学前儿童音乐教育的开展提供了启示：正确看待儿童的音乐成就，努力促进儿童音乐能力倾向的发展；注重学前期非正式的音乐教育与指导；重视聆听的音乐教育价值；树立“体验一愉悦”式的学前音乐教育观。

Theory of music aptitude is provided by Edwin Gordon. He believes that music aptitude is something that children are born with and is the base for music learning. It is the product of heredity and early experience combination, which can change and develop. The quality of early music environment is an important factor to children＇s music aptitude development. ＂Listening and thinking＂ is the base for music aptitude and music aptitude is composed of at least 20 dimensions. To know children＇s music aptitude, Gordon led a team creating several tools measuring music aptitude. Gordon＇s theory of music aptitude provides enlightenment for preschool music education, appropriate attitude toward children＇s music achievements, and the development of children＇s music aptitude. Informal preschool music education and ＂listening＂ should be valued. ＂Experience - pleasure＂ type of preschool music education should be encouraged.