马克思主义理论教育视角的转换——基于灌输论与接受论的思考

Transition of Perspective in Marxism Theory Education——Reflections Based on Indoctrination Theory and Acceptance Theory

灌输论是马克思主义理论的重要组成部分,也是马克思主义理论教育常用的重要方法。但是,灌输论在具体实施过程中面临着诸多困境:日益增强的主体意识对灌输论带来强烈冲击、开放多元的思想观念对灌输内容的多样性需求增强、不断更新的科技手段对灌输方法的改进与创新带来严峻挑战。接受论对马克思主义理论教育的意义在于方法论的启示,从以往的重施教者、轻受教者转变到将受教者纳入到主体的范围中。在马克思主义理论教育中,应由传统的单纯灌输向灌输与接受的互动转换,凸显受教者的重要作用,将教育教学过程视为教育者传授、受教者接受的双向互动过程,共同完成马克思主义理论教育的目标。

Indoctrination theory is an important part of Marxism, and also a major method which is often used in Marxism education. However, there are many problems in the practice of indoctrination theory. For example, the gradual increasing sub- ject consciousness has brought massive impacts on indoctrination theory; the openness and diversification of ideology present new requirements for the diversity of content of indoctrination; continuously updating high-technology has brought serious challenges to the improvement and innovation of means of indoctrination. The acceptance theory has brought methodology reform to Marxism education, shifting from emphasis on the educators to regarding the education recipients as the subject. In Marxism education, traditional indoctrination should interacts with acceptation, highlighting the important role of the education recipients, making education and teaching a two-way interaction that works together to reach the goals of Marxism education.