语言意愿与语言现象的经验——基于康德理性主义的语言存在解析

On the Experience of Language Willingness and Language Phenomenon——An Analysis of Language Existence Based on Kant's Rationalism

在语言存在的现象世界里,作为经验过程中呈现的语言现象包括外在的自然语言部分和内在的心理语言部分;同时,语言现象的呈现过程要决定于语言行为发生的存在过程,而语言行为的发生又要决定于语言行为主体的语言意愿。语言意愿的地位确立可以为语言现象的呈现表明一种经验意义上的心理原因,一种愿意"说什么"的心理基础。在语言现象经验的心理过程里,语言意愿既可以指向语言存在的心理经验的意识对象,又可以指向语言现象经验的行为能力;语言意愿总是存在于语言经验者的心理世界,在最为直接的经验意义上贯彻并实践着理性存在的纯粹语言意志原则,应作为语言现象经验及其知识性成果研究的经验性本源。

In the world of phenomenon where language exists, the language phenomena in the process of experience include the external part of natural language and the inner part of the psychological language. And the presentation of the language phenomena depends on the existence of the language behavior which in turn is dependent of language willingness. The estab- lishment of language willingness can lay a psychological foundation for ＂what to say＂. In the psychological process of the phenomenon of language experience, the language willingness can point to the object of consciousness of the psychological experience of language existence and the behavior of the phenomenal experience of language existence. Language willingness always exists in the mental world of language users and follows the principle of rational existence, and therefore, should be the source of language phenomenon and of language phenomenon studies.