第三方治理:理论范式与实践逻辑

Third-party Governance: Theoretical Paradigm and Practical Logic

第三方治理作为推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的创新工具,是克服市场失灵、政府失灵、志愿失灵而导致的治理困境的必然产物。第三方治理具有开放性、专业性、契约性、竞争性等核心特征,并在此基础上形成了第三方供给、第三方运营、第三方监管、第三方评估等不同的实践模式。在既有约束条件下,第三方治理实践存在着制度困境、契约困境、执行困境、信任困境等治理风险和困局。但不可否认的是,第三方治理是对传统国家治理模式的补充与创新,是推动公共产品和公共服务供给侧结构性改革的措施和手段,也是推进国家治理现代化不可缺少的途径和方式。

Third-party governance is the political products to make the national governance become open,innovative and synergetic,and it is also the innovative tools to promote the modernization of the national governance systems and governance capacity. Form the view of embryology,third-party governance is the inevitable products to overcome the governance difficulties by the result of market failure,the government malfunction,and the intentions malfunction,which is also the practical result made by the social capital theory,the principal-agent thirty,the theory of deliberative democracy,the theory of coordinating management,and the theory of collective action. Form the view of typology's meaning,third-party governance has the practice characteristics of open,professional,contractual,competitive and cooperativity,and on this basis,third-party governance has the formation of different types and modes of practice,such as the third-party supply,the third-party operation,the third-party monitoring,the third-party assessment,and so on. However,third-party governance still has some risks and difficulties under the existing constraints,like the dilemma of institution,contract,execution and trust. Undeniably,third-party governance can supplement the traditional governance model,and it is the measures and means to promote the reform of the public goods and services supply structurally,and it is also the indispensable way and methods to promote the modernization of national governance systems and governance capacity.