超声引导下穿刺抽吸血肿加人工压迫治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤

Hematoma Aspiration With Manual Compression for Treating the Patients of Iatrogenic Femoral Pseudoaneurysm Under Ultrasound Guidance

目的:探讨超声引导下穿刺抽吸血肿加人工压迫法治疗心脏介入术后股动脉假性动脉瘤的安全性和有效性。方法:分析27例心脏介入操作术后出现的股动脉假性动脉瘤患者,其中男性14例,女性13例,平均年龄(53.5±11.4)岁。首先利用超声定位股动脉假性动脉瘤体、瘤体颈部和供应动脉位置,然后在超声引导下采用18号穿刺针,穿刺进入瘤体中心并且抽吸瘤体内血液,同时由助手采用人工方法压迫股动脉假性动脉瘤颈部和瘤体,阻断供应动脉和股动脉假性动脉瘤之间的交通。压迫时间为15 min,之后用绷带加压包扎,嘱患者平卧12 h,保持患侧下肢平直。术后24 h和1个月均复查下肢血管超声。结果:24例(88.9%)患者一次抽吸压迫成功;2例(7.4%)患者第一次抽吸压迫后瘤体未完全闭塞,给予再次抽吸压迫后成功;1例(3.7%)患者因合并股动静脉瘘,抽吸压迫后股动脉假性动脉瘤腔未完全闭合,但瘤体较压迫前明显缩小。总体治疗成功率为96.3%(26/27例)。无操作相关并发症发生。结论:在超声引导下穿刺抽吸血肿加人工压迫治疗医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤安全、有效。

Objective： To study the safety and efifcacy of hematoma aspiration with manual compression for treating the patients of femoral pseudoaneurysm after cardiac catheterization under ultrasound guidance. Methods： A total of 27 patients suffering from post-catheterization iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm were analyzed including 14 male and 13 female at the mean age of （53.5±11.4） years. The body, neck and blood supply area of pseudoaneurysm were located by ultrasonography; 18 gauge needle was punctured into the center of pseudoaneurysm to aspirate blood, meanwhile the neck and body of pseudoaneurysm were manually compressed to block blood supply for relevant artery under ultrasound guidance. Manual compression was conducted for 15 min followed by bandage compression; the patients were lie on the back and kept lower extremity straight for 12 hours. Ultrasonography was performed at 24 hours and 1 month after the operation in all patients respectively. Results： There were 24/27 （88.9%） patients having successful aspiration with manual compression at ifrst time; 2 （7.4%） having incomplete occlusion at ifrst time and the success was obtained by second time; 1 having incomplete occlusion due to coexisted femoral arteriovenous ifstula, while the body of pseudoaneurysm was obviously decreased. The overall success rate was 96.3% （26/27）, no procedural complication occurred. Conclusion Ultrasonography guided hematoma aspiration with manual compression has been safe and effective for treating the patients of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm.