道家文化与《棋王》中的“隐士”形象——兼论“棋道”的思想文化内涵

Taoism Culture and the “Hermit” Image in The Chess Master——A Concurrent Discussion on the Ideological and Cultural Connotation of “Chess Doctrines”

阿城的《棋王》是深受道家文化影响的作品,小说塑造了几位具有丰富道家文化意味的"隐士"形象:小说的主人公王一生,是一位喧闹中的大隐士;"捡烂纸的老头",则是一位无名的隐士,也是小说中的"王者师";与王一生大战的"世家后人",同样是一位无名的山区隐士。这些隐士的言行,往往具有无我、无欲、无名、无为等突出特征。几位隐士所传承的"棋道",在小说中不仅是中国传统文化的象征,更是传统文化中博弈生存之道的象征。

Zhong Acheng＇ s The Chess Master, a book deeply impacted by Taoism culture, has delineated sev- eral ＂hermit＂ images rich in Taoist culture, say, the protagonist Wang Yisheng is a great hermit amid the bustle; ＂the old man picking up rotten paper＂ is an unnamed hermit, also known as ＂Wang Zheshi＂ in the novel; and the ＂descendant of the aristocratic family＂ combating with Wang Yisheng was also a unnamed mountain hermit. All these hermits＇ words and deeds are clearly characteristic of selflessness, desirelessness, namelessness, and inac- tion. And the ＂chess doctrines＂ inherited by those hermits are symbolic not only of traditional Chinese culture but also of the way of existence through conflicts in traditional culture.