丹参酮ⅡA对阿尔兹海默病防治作用的研究进展

Research Progress of Tanshinone ⅡA in Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer′s Disease

阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是一种以老年斑和神经纤维缠结为病理特征的慢性中枢性神经系统退行性疾病,其发病机制非常复杂。丹参酮ⅡA是从中药丹参中分离提取得到的一种脂溶性成分,具有广泛的生物学活性。近年研究发现,其在AD的防治方面发挥着积极的作用,主要体现在抑制Aβ的形成和聚集、抑制tau蛋白异常磷酸化、对神经元的保护等方面。结合最新的研究进展,就AD的发病机制和丹参酮ⅡA对其的防治作用做一综述,为丹参酮ⅡA的进一步开发利用提供参考。

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is a chronic neurodegenerative disease in the CNS, the pathological fea- tures of which is characterized by senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. And its pathogenesis is very complex. Tanshinone ⅡA is a liposoluble constituent extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine, and has a wide range of biological activities. Recent studies have found that tanshinone ⅡA plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of AD by inhibiting the aggregation of β-amyloid protein, suppressing hyperphosphorylation of tau, and protecting neuronal cells from death. Combined with the latest research progress, the pathogenesis of AD and the prevention and treatment effects of tanshinone II A on AD were reviewed, and the basis for further development and utilization of this plant extract was also provided.