含氮杂环骨架在药物中的分布

The Distribution of Nitrogen Heterocyclic Skeleton Containing in Drugs

氮杂环是许多药物中的重要结构组分。据美国食品和药物监督管理局(FDA)批准的药物数据显示,59%的独特小分子药物都含有氮杂环化合物。本文将对医药中最常见的芳香性以及非芳香性的27种含氮杂环化合物进行综述,并对上述氮杂环结构与普通环状结构的不同作用进行阐述。同时,对常用的氮杂环的特殊结构进行探讨,突出其核的体系,并对其详细取代模式进行报道。

Among the numerous drugs, nitrogen heterocycles are one of the most important structural components of drugs. According to the data from approved drug of the US Food and Drug Administration （FDA） shows that 59% of the unique small molecule drugs contain nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. This paper reported the 27 most common nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in medicine. The present study was detailed 27 kinds of nitrogen heterocycles from the following two parts： （1） non-aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds （2） aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. Each part reveals and explains the different function of the pre-nitrogen heterocyclic structure relative to the common cyclic structure. Additionally, some of the commonly used nitrogen heterocycles were investigated, the core system was highlighted and substitution pattern were summaried and discussed.