甘肃省居民肥胖现状调查及其与高血压的相关性研究

Investigation on Current Status of Obesity and Its Correlation with Hypertension among Residents in Gansu Province

目的了解甘肃省居民超重及肥胖现状,并分析其与高血压患病的相关性,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法于2013年9月—2014年7月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取甘肃省15岁及以上居民进行调查。对调查对象进行问卷调查和体格检查,测量体质指数(BMI)和腰围(WC),并进行高血压诊断。分析超重和肥胖与高血压患病的相关性。结果共调查16 000例,回收有效问卷15 431例,有效回收率为96.44%。其中低体质量889例(5.76%),正常体质量9 440例(61.18%),超重4 074例(26.40%),肥胖1 028例(6.66%);中心性肥胖6 796例(44.04%);高血压3 993例(25.88%)。正常血压人群BMI、WC、身体脂肪率、内脏脂肪指数(VAI)均低于高血压患者(P<0.05)。低体质量、正常体质量、超重和肥胖人群收缩压和舒张压比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低体质量、正常体质量、超重、肥胖人群中,男性和女性高血压患病率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。低体质量、正常体质量、超重、肥胖人群中,随着年龄的增高,高血压患病率逐渐升高(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,低体质量是高血压患病的保护性因素〔OR(95%CI)=0.654(0.537,0.796),P<0.001〕,超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖是高血压患病的独立危险因素〔OR(95%CI)=2.058(1.896,2.233)、4.259(3.734,4.858)、1.733(1.431,2.015),P<0.001〕。结论甘肃省居民超重及肥胖患病率低于全国平均水平。超重与肥胖人群高血压患病风险明显增加,控制体质量对高血压的预防意义重大。

Objective To investigate the current status of overweight and obesity and to explore its correlation with hypertension among residents in Gansu province, so as to provide a scientific basis for developing intervention measures.Methods From September 2013 to July 2014,the residents aged 15 or over in Gansu province was selected to investigate by a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method.Questionnaire survey and physical examination were given to the subjects.The body mass index（ BMI） and waist circumference（ WC） were measured,and the diagnosis of hypertension was also carried out in the study.The correlation between overweight, obesity and hypertension was analyzed.Results A total of 16000 subjects were involved in this survey.15431 questionnaire were valid with an effective response rate of 96.44%.Among them,889（ 5.76%） cases in low body mass,9440（ 61.18%） with normal weight,4074（ 26.40%） were overweight,1028（ 6.66%） were obesity; 6796（ 44.04%） with central obesity; 3993（ 25.88%） with hypertension.BMI,WC,body fat percentage and visceral adiposity index（ VAI） in people with normal blood pressure were lower than those in patients with hypertension（ P〈0.05）.There was significant difference in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among people of low body mass,normal weight, overweight and obesity（ P〈0.05）.Among the people of low body mass, normal weight,overweight and obesity,there was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between men and women（ P 0.05）.The prevalence of hypertension increased with age among the people of low body mass,normal weight,overweight and obesity（ P 0.01）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that low body mass was a protective factor of developing hypertension 〔OR（ 95% CI） =0.654（ 0.537,0.796）, P〈0.001 〕, overweight, obesity, and central obesity were independent risk factors of developing hypertension 〔OR（ 95% CI） = 2.058（ 1.896,2.233）,4.259（ 3.734,4.858）,1.733（ 1.431,2.015）, P〈0.001 〕.Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among resident in Gansu province was lower than the national average level.The prevalence risk of developing hypertension increased obviously in overweight and obesity people,which suggests that controlling weight is of great significance in the prevention of hypertension.