基于医院信息系统的颈椎病合并疾病及用药研究

Comorbidities and Medication of Patients with Cervical Spondylosis: A Study Based on Hospital Information System Database

目的研究颈椎病患者合并疾病及联合用药特点。方法于2015年12月,选取中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所构建的数据库中,2001-12-06至2011-05-23国内30家三级甲等综合医院收治的第一诊断为颈椎病的34 102例住院患者,提取患者信息,包括性别、年龄、入院科室、合并疾病及用药种类。结果颈椎病患者合并疾病主要为高血压〔16.78%(5 724/34 102)〕、冠心病〔16.40%(5 593/34 102)〕、脑梗死〔14.47%(4 935/34 102)〕、动脉供血不足(脑动脉)〔13.04%(4 448/34 102)〕等心脑血管疾病,使用的西药主要为解热镇痛药〔39.32%(11 342/28 844)〕、降压药〔35.44%(10 221/28 844)〕、营养神经药〔35.05%(10 110/28 844)〕、抗菌药物〔31.67%(9 136/28 844)〕,中药主要为活血通络剂〔66.50%(19 181/28 844)〕,中药活血通络剂和西药降压药、营养神经药的联合用药最为频繁。结论颈椎病患者合并疾病以高血压、冠心病、脑梗死、动脉供血不足(脑动脉)等心脑血管疾病为主;西医治疗多为针对合并疾病对症治疗,中医中药以活血通络为主。

Objective To explore the comorbidities of cervical spondylosis patients and the characteristics of combination medication.Methods In December 2015,34102 patients with the first diagnosis of cervical spondylosis were selected from the database of the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,which collected 303- A- grade General hospitals at home from December 6,2001 to May 23,2011,were selected as study subjects.Patients＇ informations including gender, age, department of hospital admission, comorbidities, and types of medicines,were extracted.Results The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension 〔16.78%（ 5724 /34102） 〕,coronary heart disease 〔16.40%（ 5593 /34102） 〕,cerebral infarction 〔14.47%（ 4935 /34102） 〕,and cerebral arterial insufficiency 〔13.04%（ 4448 /34102） 〕.The frequently- used western drugs were analgesic- antipyretic 〔39.32%（ 11342 /28844） 〕,hypotensor 〔35.44%（ 10221 /28844） 〕,neurotrophic drug 〔35.05%（ 10110 /28844） 〕,and antibacterial drug 〔31.67%（ 9136 /28844） 〕,the most frequently- used traditional Chinese medicines were the drug which has the function of promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction 〔66.50%（ 19181 /28844） 〕.The most frequently- used combination were TCM of promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction and hypotensor and neurotrophic drug.Conclusion The most frequent comorbidities of cervical spondylosis patients are hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and cerebral arterial insufficiency.The western medicine treatment is mainly symptomatic treatment according to comorbidities, the traditional Chinese medical herbal treatment is mainly focus on promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction.