亚里士多德论政治友爱

Aristotle's political friendship

友爱在亚里士多德政治学中扮演着重要角色,但是政治友爱的性质一直是学界争论的焦点。现有的两大解释传统是分别将亚里士多德的政治友爱理解为基于用益的友爱和德性友爱。本文在分别讨论既有解释的基础上,认为最符合亚里士多德政治友爱范型的是同心,而同心又要求城邦公民须是正派之人。与典范政治友爱最为符合的政体是亚里士多德在《政治学》一书中,最后提出的靠祈祷所建立的城邦。由此,政治友爱与城邦所要求的全体公民共同生活相对应,并为实现最终的高贵和幸福生活提供了基础。

Friendship （philia） plays an important role in Aristotle＇s political philosophy, but scholars concerned have long de- bated over the notion of political friendship. Existing interpretations of Aristotle＇s political friendship mainly focus on two kinds of friendship, namely, friendship based on utility or virtue. This paper argues that the core meaning of Aristotle＇s political friendship is concord （honomoia） , which requires the citizens to be decent men. What＇s more, in his Politics, Aristotle outlines the best regime in detail, and in such city we can find the exemplary political friendship, a foundation for a noble and happy life.