贵州彝族传统情歌(曲谷)的音乐特色

A Study on the Music Features of Guizhou Yi's Traditional Love Song(Qugu)

彝族人民能歌善舞,无论在劳作的间隙,在祭祀庆典还是婚嫁丧礼上,都要用歌舞表达他们的心情。其中,曲谷便是彝族的传统情歌。通过对彝族人民特定的歌场、歌节(农历正月初一至十五和五月初五)演唱场面以及传统的礼仪程序的梳理描述,着重分析贵州彝族歌节中情歌的演唱特点。"曲谷"的音乐特点以频繁的转调和调式交替为体现,以五声徵、商调式和徵-商综合调式为多,其次是五声羽调式和宫调式。山野林间的情爱妙音更是蕴含着贵州彝族青年男女对幸福的向往,对现实的悲叹。同时,也让世人从音乐的曼妙中,了解古老而又质朴的彝族文化。

Being one of the most ancient eth- nic groups in China, the ＇Yi＇ have a long history and an abundant culture. Yi folk songs, which are widely sung in many regions of China, have vari- ous forms and styles. These folk songs reflect the lengthy history of the Yi society; indeed they ex- press the happiness and misery, the dreams and desires of the Yi people. Within this context, this article focuses on ＇ Qugu＇ which is a unique type of music belonging to the Yi people. In fact most Yi people of Guizhou live in the Wumeng Mountains. In their quest for survival, over time the Yi had developed a series of natural worship rites which became one of the sources of their traditional mu- sic. In addition, Yi people formed a unique way to express their love： in times past they developed a tradition of singing in the mountains and forests as to convey their love to their beloved; the ＇ Qugu＇ is one of these Yi＇ s traditional love song genres.