中古之梦与中古文学:“梦得文才”说的现代阐释

Middle Ancient Chinese Dream and Its Literature:Modern Explanation on the Theory of “Literary Talent Granted by Dream”

六朝时期集中出现文士梦得(失)文才的故事,这些故事都宣扬文才神授,反映了时人对文学特质的认识。对于这一现象,有其深刻的历史、社会以及个人等多方面原因,主要为:一是社会迷信风气浓厚,文人受时代风尚濡染。二是以文取士下的重文观念给文士心理造成的影响。三是梦作为现实生活的延续,打上了时代的印记。四是特定群体内集体无意识的体现;五是具有"补偿"与"警示"作用。

In the Six Dynasties, the stories appeared about scholar＇ literary talents acquired by their dreams, publicizing a kind of divined gifts, and it reflected people＇ s understanding of literary attributes. The phenomenon contained varied causes of history, society and individuals ; firstly, social ethos with prevalent superstition that affected literati, secondly, the thought of emphasizing literature that affected seriously their mind, thirdly, the dream＇ s continuation of the real life that marked the trace of that era, fourthly, the embodiment of collee- tive unconsciousness; fifthly, its role of compensation and warning.