乙型肝炎病毒共价闭合环状DNA检测技术的研究进展

Advances in detection of covalently closed circular DNA of hepatitis B virus

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）属嗜肝DNA病毒科,它是通过逆转录复制,其复制周期中的关键步骤是双链松弛环状DNA（rcDNA）进入肝细胞核形成共价闭合环状DNA（cccDNA）,后者作为病毒mRNA和前基因组RNA（pgRNA）的合成模板,最终产生新的病毒颗粒.目前,大多数抗病毒药物并不能有效地清除HBV cccDNA,它是病毒持续感染、抗病毒药物治疗终止后病毒再活化、药物抗性出现的关键原因.此外,HBV cccDNA的检测是HBV感染及抗病毒药物治疗有效的指标.因此,本文主要对HBV cccDNA检测及其研究进展做一综述.

HBV belongs to the hepatotropic DNA virus family and replicates through reverse tran-scription. One of the most critical steps in the viral life cycle is that HBV rcDNA （ relaxed circular DNA） is transferred to the nucleus where it is converted into cccDNA （ covalently closed circular DNA ） . cccDNA serves as a transcription template for mRNAs and pgRNA, which are ready for the production of new virions. Currently, most antiviral agents can not eliminate HBV cccDNA effectively, which is the key reason for per-sistent virus infection, reactivation of virus after termination of antiviral therapy and drug resistance. In addi-tion, HBV cccDNA has become an effective index for identifying the states of HBV infection and evaluating efficacy of antiviral therapy. Here, we review research progresses in detection and clinical significance of HBV cccDNA.