再论“老头会起义”之规模

Review of Number of the Geezer Party Movement's Participants

清咸丰、同治时期卓索图盟土默特贝勒旗"老头会"抗差斗争,前人多有研究和论述,但对其斗争规模不无夸大之处。就其人数而言,前人研究多主张"数千"之说,本文认为"老头会"历次聚众抗差斗争少者20、30人,多者50余人,前后来回总计也就100名上下。今人对"老头会"抗差斗争的研究之所以会进入误区,即在于今人将反控方(即王公贵族)对控方(即"老头会")之诬词,直接作为可靠史料加以引用,从而得出有失客观的结论。其个中原因,与研究者先入为主,对某些重要史料选择性视而不见有很大关系。

Emerged between emperor XianFeng and GuangXu period, the geezer Party anti forced la- bor movement which happened in Tumed Left Banner always has been a hot topic for the historians. However, there were some arguments over the scale of this movement. While many supports the number of rebels are ＂several thousand＂, in my opinion, this number fluctuates between 20 and 50, which hardly exceed 100 totally. The reason of this mistaking partly results from the credit of testimonies exaggerated by Princes in the case of the geezer Party movement without proper distinguishment. The subjective judgments of historical materials should be blamed for this faulty argument.