中西部地区人口就近城镇化的内涵、格局与机制——回答“胡焕庸线怎么破”的“李克强之问”的关键

Connotation, Pattern and Mechanism of the Nearest Urbanization in the Central and Western China --The Key to Answer Li Keqiang＇s Question of ＂How to Break the Hu Huanyong Line＂

李克强总理2014年11月参观国家博物馆时就＂胡焕庸线＂指出,中西部如东部一样也需要城镇化,并提出了＂胡焕庸线怎么破＂的＂李克强之问＂。随着人口就近城镇化作为代价最低的中西部地区新型城镇化方式逐渐得到认同。通过分析异地城镇化、就地城镇化和就近城镇化三种人口城镇化的实现方式,找出中西部地区人口就近城镇化具有渐进式、多元化、集约节约、和谐、可持续发展等特征。同时,在城镇合理布局和经济社会均衡发展、降低人口城镇化的制度障碍和社会成本、实现城乡可持续发展等方面具有必要性,并在从宏观政策、各地试验和发展模式等层面具有可行性。而在中西部地区人口就近城镇化的格局及趋势上,更是成了向城市群、大城市、中小城市和特色小城镇集聚的多元空间格局、向工业和服务业集聚的二元产业格局、向＂胡焕庸线＂以西集聚的一元区域格局。并且,人口就近城镇化对承载空间要求的发展阶段演化一般规律上呈现出城镇化发展阶段要与工业发展阶段相适应、人口与产业＂双迁移＂是中西部地区就地城镇化的基本模式、城市群建设与人口就近城镇化的双向传导机制。因此,因地制宜地制定出中西部地区人口就近城镇化的实现路径成为回答＂胡焕庸线怎么破＂的＂李克强之问＂的关键。

Premier Li Keqiang areas need urbanization, as well as pointed out that the central and western the eastern part, on the respect of ＂Hu Huanyong line＂, when he visited National Museum in November 2014, and put forward the ＂Li Keqiang＇s question＂ of how to break the ＂Hu Huanyong line＂. With the population of the nearest town as the lowest cost of the central and western regions of the new way of urbanization has gradually been recognized. Through the analysis of urbanization in different places, the im- plementation of in situ urbanization and the nearest town and three kinds of population urbanization and find population in the central and western re- gions of the nearest town is progressive, diversified, intensive, harmonious and sustainable development features. At the same time, in the urban layout is reasonable and economic and social balanced development, reduce system obstacle of the urbanization of population and social costs, achieving sustain- able development in urban and rural areas, has the necessity, and from the macro policy, local test and developing mode of the layer mask there is feasi- bility. And the pattern and trend of the population of the central and western regions of the nearest town, is to gather to the west of the city group, big cities, small cities and the characteristics of small town agglomeration of multivariate spatial pattern, to industry and service industry agglomeration of dualistic structure of industryl And population of the nearest town of car- rying the space requirements of the development stage of evolution as a gen- eral rule presents to the development stage of urbanization and industrial development stage adaptation, population and industry ＂double transfer＂ is the basic modes of the central and western regions in situ urbanization, urban agglomeration development and export nearby towns of two-way transmission mechanism. Therefore, it is the key to Li Keqiang＇s question on Hu Huanyong line that we need to develop the path of the nearby urbanization for population in central and western regions according to local conditions. Key words The Central and Western Regions Nearby Urbanization Construction of Urban Agglomeration Li Keqiang＇s Question Hu Huanyong Line