包揽式政商关系、本地化用工与内地中小城市的劳工抗争

The Dependent Government-corporate Relations,Local Employment and the Labor Contention in China's Hinterland

当前的劳工研究过于关注珠三角经验,而忽视了"世界工厂"劳资关系的区域差异。本研究基于在内地城市的田野调研资料,详细剖析内地中小城市新兴制造业中独特的政商关系、本地化用工形态和劳工抗争行动。研究发现,虽然受限于地方政府对劳动关系的干预、分散的劳工生产生活形态,内地的劳工抗争在规模、战斗性、诉求、制度影响等层面与珠三角地区存在差异。但内地的劳工抗争也自有其特点,突出表现为劳动纠纷频发化和日常抵抗普遍化。大量低端劳动密集型企业在内地政府扶持政策下勉强生存,由此导致频繁的劳动纠纷,本地工人的城市化进程和遍及工厂内外的社会关系网络则是这些劳动纠纷的催化剂;另一方面,本地工人的地域认同、社会网络和家庭化趋势为其普遍的日常抵抗提供了基础。

The present labor research attaches much importance to the labour experience in the Pearl River Delta region,while neglecting the regional differences of labor politics in different areas of China.This paper analyses the unique Government-corporate relations,the form of the local employment and the contentious labor politics in small and medium-sized cities in the hinterland of China.Restricted by the local government's strong control over the labor relation and the limited reproduction space,the scale,militancy,and influences of labor politics in the hinterland cannot be compared with that of the Pearl River Delta region.However,the contentious labor politics in the hinterland has its uniqueness,characterized by more frequent labor disputes and common daily resistance.Relying on the local governments'support policies,a large number of lowend and labor-intensive enterprises struggle to survive,leading to more frequent labor disputes.The urbanization process and the ubiquitous social networks are the catalyst of such labor disputes.Identification with the regime and one's family provides the basis for daily resistance.Lastly,this paper compares the regional differences of labor politics between the Pearl River Delta region and the small and medium-sized cities in the hinterland of China.