项目化治理的组织形式及其演变机制——基于一个国家项目的历史过程分析

The Organization Patterns and Evolution Mechanism in the Project System:Analysis of the History of a National Projec

本研究通过对一个国家项目历史过程的考察,发现在当前的项目化治理中,存在着直控式、承包式、连带式三种重要的组织形式。在项目开展过程中,上下级政府间在目标设置、资源配备、组织实施、检查验收四个环节的权责分配不同会带来组织形式的演变。不同的项目管理机制对地方政府执行项目的方式有着重要的影响,可能出现程序化执行、过度执行、消极执行等现象,从而极大影响项目在地方开展的成效。

By investigating the history of a national project,this research reveals that in the project-oriented operation,direct control,subcontracting and joint responsibility exist as three important organization forms.When carrying out a project,different levels of governments allocate different rights and responsibilities at four dimensions,i.e.,goal setting,resource provision,implementation and inspection.The differences along the four dimensions lead to the evolution of the organization.Different project management systems influence how the local government implements projects.Some of the problems include the routinization of implementation,excessive implementation,passive implementation,etc.These implementation patterns will affect the effectiveness of the projects.