关羽形象从史传人物到小说英雄的演化

The Evolution of the Image of Guan Yu from a Historical Figure to a Fictional Hero

关羽是小说《三国演义》中的主要人物之一,在演义对史书的小说化处理过程中,其忠义勇武等英雄特质被不断放大,而不利于这一特质的内容则被转化、弱化,这一过程使得关羽从史传人物转化为小说英雄。选取毛本《三国演义》中关羽的几则典型故事,与《三国志》所载史实加以对比,探讨关羽形象的演变过程,分析史传文学与历史演义在人物塑造上的小说化差异。

Guan Yu is one of the protagonists in The Romance of Three Kingdoms, a famous classical Chinese historical novel. His heroic qualities, such as loyalty and patriotism, were exaggerated in their evolution from historical records to novel. Yet what counted against such qualities were so understated and reduced that Guan Yu was changed from a historical figure to a fictional hero. A few typical stories of Guan Yu selected from The Romance of Three Kingdoms were compared with the corresponding historical facts recorded in The Records of Three Kingdoms, a famous ancient Chinese historical book to make a discussion on the evolution of the image of Guan Yu and analyze the difference between historical literature and historical romance in the novelization of characterization.