广西少数民族农村地区人体重点寄生虫感染状况调查

Investigation of principal human parasites in the minority rural regions in Guangxi

目的了解广西少数民族农村地区人体重点寄生虫感染状况。方法采用自制问卷进行横断面入户调查,收集人口学资料和居民粪便标本;用改良加藤厚涂片法和硫酸锌浮聚法检查寄生虫。结果 1调查了780户家庭1 720例村民。查见人体重点寄生虫卵者1 284例,总感染率为74.7%。2柳州市三江县、百色市的隆林县和乐业县感染率较高(>70%)。3不同民族人群间人体重点寄生虫感染率和种类有差异(P<0.05)。4男性鞭虫和华枝睾吸虫感染率显著高于女性(P<0.05);女性钩虫和蛔虫感染率显著高于男性(P<0.05)。5寄生虫虫种在各年龄组间的分布不一致(P<0.05)。结论广西少数民族地区人体重点寄生虫感染的情况较十年前有明显改善,但是仍然处于高水平,是该地区主要的公共卫生问题,应引起政府和全社会的高度重视。

Objective To evaluate the infectious status of principal human parasites in minority rural regions in Guangxi. Methods A cross-sectional household survey was conducted to collect demographic data and fecal speci- mens by a self-designed questionnaire. The Kato-Katz technique and fecal examination using zinc sulfate flotation methods were used to test fecal samples. Results 1 720 people in 780 households were screened for principal hu- man parasites, and among them, 1 284 people were found to be infected with principal human parasites. The total rate of infection was 74. 7%. Infection rates and species of principal human parasites among differente thnie popu- lations were different（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Male＇ s infection rate of whipworms and Clonorchis sinensis was significantly high- er than the female （ P 〈 O. 05 ）. Female＇ s infection rate of hookworm and Ascaris lumbricoides was significantly higher than the male （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Parasites infection rates were high among all age groups （ all 〉 70% ）, but the distribution of the parasitic worm between different age groups was different. Conclusion The situation of the prin- cipal human parasites infection rate has been improved over the past ten years in the regions in Guangxi. But it is still in a high level which constitutes a major public health problem.