木心的艺术美育观与生命完成

Muxin's Ideas on Art Education and the Fulfillment of Life

木心推崇蔡元培提出的"美育代宗教",这一观念贯穿了木心的整个艺术创作与艺术教育过程。梳理木心作品与讲稿中所蕴含的艺术观与美育理念,从中可以看出木心所倡导的艺术的救赎功能。木心认为艺术将"可能"变成"能",弥补了现实生活中诸多缺失与遗憾。艺术是生命的和谐,可以带着忙碌的人通向理想中的王国,服务于生命的成长;艺术的成长固然需要天赋,但更需要个人后天的努力,还需要各种机缘巧合,因此学习艺术不能急于求成,要把追求艺术作为生命永远的"准备期",艺术才有可能完善人生;人可以借艺术来制造与日常生活的距离,并分身出多重平行生命,艺术为人走向生命完成提供了自由空间。

It can be seen in all of Muxin artistic creation and teaching that he espouses Cai Yuanpei＇s ＂ substitution of aesthetic education for religion＂. This paper seeks, by a review of his aesthetic thought in his works and teachings, to look at his redeeming power of art. Muxin believes that art turns ＂possibility＂ into ＂probability＂ , making up for what has been lost or is absent in life. Art aims for the harmony of life, leading the busy life to the ideal kingdom. It contributes to growth of life. Granted that growth in art depends on natural endowments, it requires personal perspiration nonetheless, plus an assortment of chances. Consequently, patience is of prime importance in one＇s artistic growth. Only when artistic pursuit is treated as a perpetual preparation for life can art help fulfill one＇s life. With art one may distance himself from daily life and cultivate parallel lives so that art can furnish a free space for the fulfillment of life.