公安机关刑事案件立案程序问题及对策研究——以立案程序功能论为视角

On the Issue of Criminal Cases Filing Procedure in Public Security Organs and Countermeasures-From the Perspective of Filing Procedure Function

我国的立案程序移植于前苏联。其预设功能为屏蔽功能、分流功能和统计功能。但是,固有的程序缺陷使这三项功能并未在实践中真正发挥作用。考察刑事诉讼启动程序的两种模式。随机型启动模式和程序型启动模式中的"初查模式"不仅符合诉讼规律,而且完善的配套机制也有助于刑事诉讼启动程序功能的发挥。公安部印发的《公安部关于改革完善受案立案制度的意见》为我国刑事立案程序真正发挥应有功能提供了可操作的实践路径。

China＇s case filing procedure is adopted from former Soviet Union. Its preset functions include shielding function, shunt function and calculation function. However, the innate defects in procedure lead to the fact that the three functions can not be fully executed in practice. By examining the two modes of criminal case lawsuit start procedure, we can find that ＂ the preliminary investigation mode＂ in both random start model and procedural start model not only adapts to the rules of lawsuit but also accelerates the realization of criminal lawsuit procedure function due to its perfect support mechanisms. Opinions of the Ministry of Public Security on the Re- form and Improvement of the Case Filing System provide a feasible practical way for the execution of function of criminal case filing procedure.