“狐狸精”形象变迁及其美学意义

The Image Transition of “Fox Spirit” and Its Aesthetic Significance

在中国文化传统中,狐狸形象一直占有很重要的位置。其形象从原始时代的图腾和神圣性象征开始,然后在汉代开始从神坛上跌落,一显一隐、互相影响甚至互相转化地在艺术作品和民间信仰中进行双脉络存在和传播,在艺术作品中变迁的过程主要是不断世俗化和人格化的过程,形象不断丰满和复杂,而在民间信仰中的变迁,一直无法摆脱巫术特征,形象单一而扁平。其美学意义主要体现在它是祥瑞的象征、妖兽的象征、媚惑的象征、聪明的象征、人性的象征与护佑的象征,它的复杂性与丰富性是中国文化所特有的,因此成为人们津津乐道的对象。

Among the Chinese cultural tradition the image of Fox Spirit has been occupying a very important position. The image started as a totem and a sacred symbol in primitive times. And then it began losing its divine position in Han Dynasty. Existing explicitly in the works of art and spread implicitly in folk beliefs, the image has been interacting and even transforming into each other. While in the process of its transition in art works, the image has gradually been enriched and become complex, secularized and personified. The image just couldn＇t get rid of the characteristic of a witchcraft in its transition. Its aesthetic significance has mainly reflected that it is a symbol of an auspicious sign, a symbol of a monster, a symbol of charm, a symbol of intelligence,a symbol of humanity and a symbol of blessing. Its complexity and richness is unique to the Chinese culture.