铝酸钴对软聚氯乙烯阻燃热降解性影响

Effect of Cobalt Aluminate on Flame-Retardant and Thermal Degradation of Flexible Polyvinyl Chloride

通过活性炭模板法制备出尖晶石型铝酸钴阻燃剂。将其应用于软聚氯乙烯(PVC)的阻燃研究。当添加10 g铝酸钴时,软PVC的阻燃、消烟和力学性能最佳。通过热重-红外和扫描电镜对阻燃前后的热降解过程进行研究,表明,阻燃处理后,软PVC样品的初始降解温度提前,高温时的剩炭量增加;降解过程中释放HCl和-CH_3气体碎片的最大释放峰温度提前,并且气体的释放量减少,降解过程中形成稳定的炭层,阻止了内部可燃气体与外部的氧气接触,达到良好的阻燃消烟性能。

Cobalt aluminate was prepared through the method of activated carbon template. Cobalt aluminate has a spinel structure. Then cobalt aluminate as flame-retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly （vinyl chloride） was studied. In case of PVC containing 10 g cobalt aluminate, cobalt aluminate has excellent flame retardant and smoke suppressants abilities for PVC, but little effect on the mechanical strength. The flame retardant mechanism can be studied by combining the results of TG-IR analysis of the pyrolysis gas products and SEM of carbon residue analysis. Thermal degradation temperature of the flame retardant PVC is lower than that of neat PVC sample, the amount of residual carbon increases at high temperature. The temperatures of maximum evolution HCl, and - CH3 fragment from flame retardant PVC are lower than the formation temperature of the corresponding compounds from neat PVC. And the release amount of gas is reduced. Stable carbon layer is formed by cobalt aluminate, and prevents contact with the internal combustible gas and oxygen outside. The results demonstrate that cobalt aluminate can be used as a highly effective flame retardant for flexible PVC.