城市居民对疾病负担归因的主要危险因素感知研究

A case study on public perception of key health risk factors of East Asia in urban area of Ji'nan

目的了解我国人群对于WHO发布的东亚国家疾病负担归因的主要危险因素的主观感知。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法获取140名济南城市居民样本并进行入户调查,调查数据使用描述性统计分析与相关性分析方法,得出研究人群对各危险因素的感知水平;同时对比基于研究人群主观感知的危险因素排序与基于疾病负担评估得出的危险因素排序,考察二者一致性。结果人群对同一危险因素不同维度的感知水平存在较大差异,尤其对环境健康类危险因素的关注和了解较少。人群对东亚国家疾病负担贡献较大的危险因素的认知程度与这些危险因素客观的风险水平并不完全一致。结论本研究提示对不同危险因素应当采取针对性的风险交流与干预策略,提示了关注人群感知的切实意义与加强健康风险交流的必要性。

Objective To explore public perception in urban China on health risk factors order of by WHO based on disease burden assessment. Methods The descriptive statistical analysis and relative analysis were adopted to calculate average level of public perception on health risk factors, and to test the consistency between the orders of health risk factors based on public perception and assessment of disease burden. Results The results showed the differences among different perceptions on all the risk factors, especially, environmental health risk factors were underestimated by public compared with other health risk factors.Significant inconsistency was also observed between the subjective order derived from public perception and objective order from disease burden assessment. Conclusion The study implies the necessity of making and strengthening targeted strategies for risk communication as well as health intervention according to different health risk factors.