里约奥运会单杠决赛难度动作选择特征研究

Study on the Characteristics of Difficulty Movement Selection in the Final of Horizontal Bar of Rio Olympics

采用文献资料法、录像观察法和数理统计法,对里约奥运会单杠决赛运动员成套难度动作进行统计。指出:当今世界体操单杠项目的竞争呈现出"百花齐放"的局面;单个难度动作以D、E组动作为基础,并向着F、G、H组等高难动作发展,特卡切夫、马尔凯洛夫、科瓦克斯等飞行类动作是成套难度动作构成的核心,中穿转体(阿德勒类)动作连接飞行动作是连接的首选,下法呈现出多样化特征;二连接动作仍然是主流,而"杠上+飞行+杠上"或"杠上+飞行+飞行"的三连接动作将成为连接发展的趋势。

The paper uses the methods of literature data,video observation and mathematical statistics to calculate the difficulty motions in the final of horizontal bar of Rio Olympics.It is noted that the competition of the world gymnastic horizontal bar is flourishing;single difficulty motions are based on groups of D and E,and are developing towards high difficulty motions such as F,G,H groups.Tekachov,Marchelov,Kovacs and other flight movements are the core of each set of difficulty motions,the link of through-middle twist（Adler class）linked with flight motion is the preferred link,the dismount ways present a variety of features;two-link motions are still the mainstream,and the threelink motions of＂on-bar＋flight＋ on-bar＂or＂on-bar＋ flight＋ flight＂will become the trend of link development.