上海市高桥社区65岁及以上老年人健康体检结果分析

Analysis of the physical examination results in the elderly people aged 65 years and above in Gaoqiao Community in Shanghai

目的:了解高桥社区65岁及以上老年人的健康状况及疾病谱的分布,为进一步开展慢性病管理及健康教育工作提供依据。方法:2015年3月至6月为本辖区自愿参与的7:001名65岁及以上老年人进行免费健康体检,其中男性3:032名(43.3%);女性3:969名(56.7%)。检测内容包括血压、空腹血糖、血脂、肝功能和肾功能等。结果:共检出至少一个指标异常的人数为6:756人,异常率为96.50%,有2种及以上疾病或指标异常的老年人占62.79%。检出的主要疾病或指标异常的前4位分别为肥胖或超重、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常;女性的糖尿病、血脂异常检出率均高于男性(P<0.05);超重或肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常检出率均有随年龄增加而下降(P<0.01)。结论:肥胖或超重、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常是老年人最常见的慢性疾病或危险因素,需进一步加强对老年人进行健康宣教,倡导健康生活方式,尤其是对年龄较轻的老年人群。

Objective： To find out health status and disease distribution of the elderly people in Gaoqiao Community to provide a basis for promoting chronic disease management and health education work. Methods： From March to June 2015, a physical examination was conducted for 7 001 voluntary participants aged 65 years and above in the community, among of them 3 032（43.3%） were males and 3 969（56.7%） females. The physical examination indicators included blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, liver function and renal function. Results： A total of 6 756 participants had at least a disease or an abnormal indicator and the abnormal detection rate was 96.50%, and the elderly people suffering from 2 or more diseases or abnormal indicators accounted for 62.79%. Major four diseases and abnormal indicators detected were overweight or obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. The detection rates of diabetes and dyslipidemia were higher in women than in men（P〈0.05）. The detection rates of overweight or obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were all decreased with the increase of age（P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Overweight or obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia are the most common chronic diseases and risk factors in the elderly people. It is needed for the elderly people to further strengthen the health education and advocate a healthy lifestyle, especially for the younger elderly.