基于SWAT模型的伊通河流域农业非点源污染损失估算

Estimation of The Loss Caused by Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Yitong River Watershed Based on SWAT Model

选取伊通河流域为研究区,在构建伊通河流域数字化平台的基础上,将SWAT模型与环境经济学方法相结合定量估算了研究区的农业非点源污染损失,为伊通河流域农业非点源污染的防治与管理提供科学依据与决策支持。研究结果表明:构建的伊通河流域农业非点源污染模型达到了精度要求。研究区2010年农业非点源泥沙负荷、总氮负荷以及总磷负荷均为最高,2011年均为最低;研究区的土壤侵蚀主要是由耕地引起的,占总量的96%以上。研究区农业非点源污染损失折算成人民币约为52 845.42万元/a,年降雨量越大的年份损失越严重;总体上,伊通河流域内农业非点源污染价值损失的大小顺序为:总氮污染价值损失>泥沙淤积价值损失>总磷污染价值损失>土地废弃价值损失。

In this paper,the Yitong River Watershed was selected as a study case,on the basis of the built digital platform of Yitong River Watershed,the SWAT Model was combined with the environmental economics methods to estimate the loss of agricultural non-point source pollution in research area in order to provide scientific basis decision support for the prevention and management of agricultural non-point source pollution in Yitong River Watershed.The results showed that：the agricultural non-point source pollution model could achieve accuracy requirements in Yitong River Watershed,so the model could be used to calculate agricultural non-point source pollution load in Yitong River Watershed; the load of sediment,TN and TP were largest in 2010 and the smallest in 2011; the soil erosion was mostly caused by arable land in Yitong River Watershed,accounting for 96% of the total amount; the loss of agricultural non-point source pollution was equivalent to approximately RMB 528.45 million every year in Yitong River Watershed; the greater the annual rainfall,more serious the losses; overall,the loss value of agricultural non-point source pollution from large to small was in order as TN,sedimentation,TP,and abandoned land.