某三级医院在职医护人员甲状腺结节流行病学调查

Epidemiological study of thyroid nodules for the medical working staffs in a grade 3 hospital

目的为了解杭州某三级医院在职医护人员甲状腺结节检出率及流行病学特征,并对其相关因素进行分析。方法 2015年11月—2016年3月,应用高频彩色多普勒超声对萧山区第一人民医院1 343位在职医护人员进行甲状腺超声检查,对有手术指征者进行细针穿刺及手术治疗,并送病检。结果 1 343例受检者中有628例检出甲状腺结节,总体检出率为46.8%。其中女性505例,检出率为49.6%,男性123例,检出率为37.8%,女性检出率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.69,P<0.001)。女性在21~50岁的检出率明显高于同年龄段男性(P<0.05)。随着年龄增长,甲状腺结节检出率呈显著上升趋势(男性:χ2趋势=24.78,P<0.001;女性:χ~2趋势=30.16,P<0.001)。不同性别甲状腺结节位置相比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.594,P<0.05)。单发结节及小结节比例明显增高。检出628例甲状腺结节患者中疑似甲状腺癌16例,其中8例经手术切除或穿刺活检送组织病检证实。结论甲状腺结节总体人群检出率高,杭州某三级医院医护人员甲状腺结节检出率为46.8%,以小结节及单发结节为主,应引起高度重视,在该院健康体检中应普及甲状腺超声检查。

Objective To investigate the detection rate and characteristics of thyroid nodules in a grade 3 hospital staff,and to analyze the related factors. Methods From November,2015 to March,2016,color Doppler frequency probe was used to inspect the thyroid in the medical staff of a the first People＇s hospital of Xiaoshan. he subject with the surgical indications received fine-needle aspiration or surgical treatment,and then the pathology of tissue was examined. Results Of1343 subject,628（ 505 female and 123 male） were positive for thyroid nodules with a detection rate of 46. 8%. The detection rate was significantly higher in female than that of male（ 49. 6% vs. 37. 8%）. At the age of 21 to 50,the detection rate in female was significantly higher than that in male（ P〈0. 05）. The detection rate of nodule showed a significant upward trend with the increase of age（ Male： χ^2trend= 24. 78,P〈0. 001; Female： χ^2trend= 30. 16,P〈0. 001）. The position of thyroid nodules were statistically significant in different genders（ χ^2= 6. 594,P〈0. 05）. he incidences of solitary nodule and small nodules were higher. Of 391 cases,16 cases were suspected thyroid cancer,of which 8 cases were confirmed thyroid cancer by surgical resection or biopsy after pathological examination. Conclusion The detection rate of thyroid nodules is high and 46. 8% in a grade 3 hospital. he thyroid nodules are mainly small and solitary nodule,thyroid ultrasound examination should be paid attention to in heath examination.