君子以正位凝命——《周易》鼎卦大象传诠释

Various Interpretations of the Commentary on the Great Image of Hexagram Ding(■)

《鼎卦·大象传》曰"木上有火,鼎,君子以正位凝命",王弼以鼎为取新、程颐以鼎为安重,这两大诠释在历史上影响最大。朱熹强调从政治王朝运命上来诠释"正位凝命",要求君主一言一行的庄重,这一诠释在历史上影响也很大。以离为南面君位、巽为申命教令,此取上下卦象简洁明快,在诠释史上也很有影响。从人生修养上论,取鼎之安重神圣,"正位"包含着对个体当下时空点存在之"在"的明觉,身心存在的中正、庄重与安稳,也包含着对工作职位、社会角色的敬重,而"凝命"可以理解为做好本职工作,完成自己的使命,成就一番事业,最高的"凝命"即凝道,尽心知命,通达性天。

Ding（ ） is the fiftieth Hexagram, its Great Image indicates the saying ＂the ~ire on wood, Ding, then gentleman Zhengwei Ningming（正位凝命）＂. Wang Bi（王弼） thought Ding means innovation and Cheng Yi（程颐） thought it is the signification of smoothness and steadiness, these explanations make the greatest influence in history. Zhu Xi（朱熹） focused on the fate of the political dynasty to note Zheng- wei Ningming（正位凝命） ,he demanded an emperor to be solemn all the time. It makes a great influence in the history as well. ＂Li＂（ ） means the emperor faced to the south,＂Xun＂（ ） means education and order. This interpretation is simple and clear, and is also very influential. While talking about life cultivation, ＂Zhengwei＂ includes the consciousness of one＇s existence,the order and safety of body and mind, as well as respect for rank and social role. ＂Ningming＇ could be explained as duty and responsibility, which told us to complete one＇s mission and achieve. The highest level of ＂Ningming＂ is to do according to the highest rule, and learn one＇s destiny, which makes one understand Heaven.