维吾尔语和日语非第一手信息标记的语法化进程及功能——以维吾尔语的-(X)ptu与日语的-teiru为例

Grammaticalization and Function of Non First-hand Information Markers in Uyghur and Japanese——Taking Uyghur-(X) ptu and Japanese-teiru as Examples

维吾尔语和日语的非第一手信息传据标记由"过去副动词或连用形+状态助动词"结构演变而成,其在区别信息来源时都受人称的限制。日语的非第一手信息传据标记-teiru能标明的信源范围只限于推测,而与其相应的维吾尔语非第一手信息传据标记-(X)ptu所标明的信息源既可以是推测又可以是传闻。-(X)ptu的语法化程度高于-teiru,前者已发展成为无标记的非第一手信息标记,而-teiru作为非第一手信息标记仍未完成其语法化进程。

Diachronic and functional aspects of markers coding non first-hand information in Uyghur and Japanese, namely Uyghur-（X） ptu and Japanese-teiru show great similarities. However, with regard to personal pronouns, they demonstrate clear functional divergences： the function of the Uyghur-（X） ptu is broader than the Japanese-teiru, that is-（X） ptu as a marker coding non first-hand information is unmarked, while the Japanese-teiru is marked.