生长激素型与无功能型垂体腺瘤的垂体后叶MRI高信号影分析

Analysis of posterior pituitary hyperintense signal on MRI in patients with growth hormone-secreting and nonfunctional pituitary adenomas

目的探讨生长激素型与无功能型垂体腺瘤的垂体后叶MRI高信号影的特点。方法回顾性分析45例无功能型垂体腺瘤与16例生长激素型垂体腺瘤的MRI影像资料。结果 45例无功能型垂体腺瘤中,39例可见垂体后叶高信号影,其中位于鞍上24例,鞍内3例,鞍内及鞍上均可见12例;16例生长激素型垂体腺瘤中,15例出现垂体后叶高信号影,其中位于鞍上1例,鞍内14例。无功能型垂体腺瘤的体积明显大于生长激素型腺瘤体积(P<0.05),向鞍上及海绵窦侵犯的发生率明显高于生长激素型垂体腺瘤(P<0.05),而向鞍下侵犯及局限于垂体窝内生长的发生率低于生长激素型垂体腺瘤(P<0.05)。无功能型与生长激素型垂体腺瘤垂体后叶高信号影的最长径线分别为(8.32±3.37)mm、(5.83±1.64)mm,最短径线分别为(1.67±0.33)mm、(2.23±0.75)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生长激素型与无功能型垂体腺瘤的生长特点不同,其垂体后叶MRI高信号影的表现形式也不同。

Objective To compare the characteristics of MRI of the posterior pituitary hyperintense signals （PPHIS） between growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas （GHPAs） and nonfunctional pituitary adenomas （NFPAs）. Method The data of MRI in 45 patients with NFPAs and 16 patients with GHPAs were analyzed retrospectively. Results PPHIS on MRI were observed in 39 patients with NFPAs, of whom, 21 （53.8%, 21/39） had the suprasellar hyperintense signals on MRI, 6 （15.4%, 6/39） intrasellar and 12 （30.8%, 12/39） supra- and infrasellar. PPHIS on MRI were observed in 15 （93.7%, 15/16） patients with GHPAs, of whom, 13 （86.7%, 13/15） had the intrasellar hyperintense signal and 1 （6.7%, 1/15） suprasellar and 1 （6.7%, 1/15） supra- and infrasellar. There were significant differences in the percentages of the patients with suprasellar, intrasellar and supra- and infrasellar hyperintense signals between the patients with GHPAs and the ones with NFPAs （P〈0.05）. The mean lengths were （8.32±3.37） mm in the long axis and （1.67±0.33） mm in the short axis of NFPAs hyperintense signal. And the mean lengths were （5.83±1.64） mm in the long axis and （2.23±0.75） mm in the short axis of GHPAs hyperintense signal. There were significant differences in the lengths of the long and short axes of hyperintense signal between GHPAs and NFPAs （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The growth patterns of NFPAs and GHPAs are different from each other, and the manifestations of their PPHIS pituitary signal on MRI are also different from each other.