摘要
研究鲜穗烘干法下玉米杂交种桂单0810母本桂39722不同熟期种子的千粒重、发芽率及其种子发芽后3叶期幼苗各性状,为玉米单粒播种技术发展提供参考。结果表明:母本桂39722授粉后43 d(即第5期)种子的千粒重近于最大,发芽率最高;该期种子的幼苗的高度最高,简易活力指数最大,根干重和冠干重最大,发芽势最强;其根长、根数、根冠也较好,根冠生长协调,因此,鲜穗烘干法下桂39722的最佳收获时期为:从开始授粉日算起,有效积温达到780.7℃、穗位叶干枯时收获,可有效地保证桂单0810种子生产过程中的最佳产量及种子质量。实际生产中,6批裸种种子13次抽样发芽结果为正常苗89.00%~95.00%,平均为91.15%。
The seeds harvested at different maturity of Gui39722, the female parent of newly-developed maize hybrid Gui-dan 0810, were studied on their 1000-kernel weight, germination rate and traits expressed at 3 leaf seedling stage after germination of seeds to identify the best harvest time by the fresh cob dried method, and then to provide scientific basis for single-grain planting in maize production. The results showed that the seeds of Gui39722, the female parent of Gui-dan 0810, harvested at the time of 43 days after pollination ( fifth harvest time) performed almost heaviest 1000-kernel weight and highest germination rate, and also expressed tallest seedling, largest simple vigor index, heaviest dry weight of crown and root with strongest seed vigor at 3 leaf seedling stage after germination, while its root length, root number and crown to root ratio performed better with a more coordinated growing for root and crown part. Therefore, under the method of artificial dr- ying fresh cob, the best harvesting time of Gui39722 was when the effective accumulated temperature after pollination reached 780.7 ~C and the ear leaf beeame dry rot. Harvested at this time, high yield and best seed vigor can be effectively guaranteed for the seed production of Gui-dan 0810. In actual production, the normal seedling rate was tested for 13 times sampling from the 6 lots of naked bulk seeds produced by farmers. The normal seedling rate ranged from 89.00 % to 95.00 % , with an average of 91.15 % , which showed a very satisfactory re- sult for the seed field production of Gui-dan 0810.
作者
田树云
文仁来
苏义成
苏月贵
何静丹
滕辉升
何雪银
杨萌
TIAN Shu-yun WEN Ren-lai SU Yi-cheng SU Yue-gui HE Jing-dan TEN Hui-sheug HE Xue-yin YANG Meng(Maize Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007, Chin)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期492-496,F0003,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380133
桂科AB16380140)
广西农业科技成果转化项目[桂科转1346004-16]
广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目[2015YT24
农成转201303(A)]
国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB2E100378)