长期不同施肥措施对黄壤微生物量碳及氮的影响

Effects of Different Long-term Fertilization Patterns on Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Yellow Soil

为黄壤旱地合理施肥与养分综合管理提供依据,实现黄壤旱地可持续利用,以选择贵州黄壤肥力与肥料长期定位试验中不施肥(CK)、常量有机肥(M)、常量有机肥+常量氮磷钾肥(MNPK)和常量氮磷钾肥(NPK)4个处理,分析贵州黄壤长期定位施肥18年后的旱地土壤微生物量C和微生物量N。结果表明:长期施肥对土壤中的微生物量C和N均有增加作用,并且影响趋势一致,含量依次为M+NPK>M>NPK>CK。与CK相比,各施肥处理均提高了微生物对有机碳、全氮的利用率,其中全氮的利用率提高最明显,M+NPK处理中土壤微生物对氮利用率最高,约为CK的5倍,其次是M处理,为CK的4.37倍。各处理有机碳利用率与CK差异较小,其中M处理土壤微生物对有机碳利用率最高,其次为M+NPK处理。

The microbial biomass C and microbial biomass N of CK （no fertilization）, M （constant organic manure）, MNPK （constant or- ganic manure ＋ constant N, P and K fertilizer） and NPK （ constant N, P and K fertilizer） yellow soil treatments under the long-term fertiliza- tion for 18 years were analyzed to provide the basis for rational fertilization and nutrient integrated management of yellow soil upland and real- ize sustainable utilization of yellow soil upland. Results： Long-term fertilization can increase microbial biomass C and microbial biomass N of yellow soil with the same impact trend and their content of four treatments is M ＋ NPK 〉 M 〉 NPK 〉 CK. Three fertilization treatments all increase organic carbon and total nitrogen utilization ratio of microorganism compared with CK and the total nitrogen utilization ratio increases obviously. The microbial nitrogen utilization ratio of M ＋ NPK treatment is the highest, about five times that of CK. The microbial nitrogen utilization ratio of M treatment is 4.37 times that of CK. There is no obvious difference in organic carbon utilization ratio between different fertilization treatments and CK. The organic carbon utilization ratio of soil microorganism of M treatment is the highest, followed by M ＋ NPK treatment.