山东长岛梨属植物资源分布及演化分析

The Analysis of Distribution and Evolution of Genus Pyrus in Changdao Islands,Shandong

为了探索我国梨属植物资源种类、分布及传播途径,本研究选择与陆地隔离的山东省长岛县为调查地域,对该地域梨属植物资源进行了实地调查和遗传分析。结果表明,长岛县梨属植物资源较为丰富,主要有杜梨、豆梨、沙梨等种类,变异类型较多,并发现一种特异类型;野生资源主要分布在山脊和半山腰,较为集中,且在小范围内能够发现多种资源类型。遗传分析结果显示,长岛梨属植物资源与邻近陆地资源关系较近。通过田间果实调查证实,鸟类吃食梨属植物,推定鸟类在梨属植物资源传播中可能充当一定的角色,这为进一步了解我国梨属植物的资源分布及演化提供了新的研究思路。

In order to explore the genetic diversity, distribution and evolution of wild pear populations in China, Changdao genetic county, the isolated islands in Shandong province,was surveyed for genus Pyrus L. genetic resources and diversity. The results showed that genus Pyrus L. resources were abundant and diversified in Changdao county, mainly include Pyrus betulifolia Bunge, Pyrus calleryana Decne. , Pyrus pyrifolia （ Burm. f. ） Nakai, and a specific type was found. The genus Pyrus L. genetic resources mainly distributed in the ridge of the hills and relatively con- centrated, many kinds of genetic types can be found in a small area. Genetic analysis showed that the genus Pyrus L. in genus Changdao islands was close related to that of the adjacent mainland. In addition, the field investigation of the persal Pyrus L. plants confirmed that the birds of genus Pyrus L. genetic resource may feeding act as a pear fruits, caused the presumption that the birds in the dis- role. This provides a new research idea to further understand the Chinese pear distribution and evolution.