辽宁地区水稻资源抗稻瘟病基因的检测分析

Identificating and Analyzing to Rice Blast Resistant Genes in Rice Germplasm Resources of Liaoning Province

为了明确辽宁地区水稻资源中抗稻瘟病基因的分布情况及抗病效应,选取辽宁地区水稻资源176份,鉴定了抗稻瘟病基因pi21、Pi36、Pi37、Pita、Pid2、Pid3、Pi5及Pib在这些材料中的分布情况,并接种鉴定了这些材料对稻瘟病的抗性。结果表明:176份供试材料中,83份对稻瘟病表现抗病,栽培稻、杂草稻及农家种中抗病品种所占的比率分别为41.48%、1.14%及4.54%。抗稻瘟病基因pi21、Pi36和Pi37在所有参试材料中均未检测到,且分别有74份、49份、47份、52份及89份材料携带Pita、Pid2、Pid3、Pi5及Pib的抗病等位基因。抗病基因绝大部分分布在栽培种中,农家种和杂草稻中分布较少。不含有抗稻瘟病基因和只携带单个抗病基因的材料对稻瘟病的抗性均较差,而抗病基因聚合可不同程度提高材料的抗性。经检测,不含有本试验鉴定的pi21等8个已克隆抗病基因的材料共32份,其中表现抗病的占21.87%;只携带1个抗稻瘟病基因的材料为52份,表现抗病的占17.31%;携带2个抗稻瘟病基因的材料为39份,表现抗病的占69.23%,其中以携带Pita+Pi5的材料最多(14份),且均表现抗病;携带3个抗稻瘟病基因的材料为31份,表现抗病的占77.42%,以携带Pita+Pid3+Pi5的材料抗性最强;携带4个抗稻瘟病基因的水稻材料22份,表现抗病的占72.73%,携带5个抗病基因的水稻材料未检测到。

To understand the distribution of rice blast resistant genes and their contribution to rice blast disease in Liaoning Province ,we selected 176 rice germplasm, and identified the distribution of rice blast resistance genes pi21, Pi36, Pi37, Pita, Pid2, Pid3, Pi5 and Pib in these germplasm. Meanwhile, the phenotypes of rice blast resist- ance of these germplasm were studied by inoculating. The results showed that 83 germplasm were resistant to rice blast disease, among them, the rates of cultivars, weedy rice and landraces were 41.48% , 1.14% and 4. 54% , respectively. Rice blast resistance genes pi21, Pi36 and Pi37 were not detected in all rice germplasm,and 74,49, 47,52 and 89 germplasm carried Pita,Pid2,Pid3,Pi5 and Pib, respectively. Most of the genes were found in euhi- vars, but they were rare in landraces and weedy rice. Most of the germplasm that had no any rice blast resistant genes and carried only single rice blast resistant gene were susceptible to rice blast. Gene pyramiding could improve the resistant to some extent. In this test, about 32 germplasm did not carry any rice blast resistance genes that we identified,and only 21.87% of which were resistant to rice blast; about 52 gerrnplasm carried single rice blast resistance gene, and only 17.31% of which were resistant to rice blast, too;about 39 germplasm carried two rice blast resistance genes, and 69.23% of which showed resistant to this disease. Within them, 14 germplasm that carried Pita and P/5 all showed resistant to rice blast;among 31 germplasm carried three rice blast resistance genes, the germplasm that were resistant to rice blast accounted for 77.42%, and the resistance of germplasm that carried Pi- ta,Pid3 and P/5 simultaneously were signally good;about 22 germplasm carried four rice blast resistance genes, with 72.73% of which were resistant to rice blast;the germplasm carried five rice blast resistance genes were not found.