植物蛋白激酶介导的非生物胁迫和激素信号转导途径的研究进展

Research Progress of Plant Protein Kinase Mediated Abiotic Stress and Hormone Signal Transduction Pathway

干旱、盐渍、低温和高温等非生物胁迫严重影响植物的生长发育和作物的产量。在长期的进化过程中,植物逐渐形成了对外部刺激快速感知和主动适应的能力,其中植物体内逆境信号的传递在植物快速感知外部刺激和主动适应非生物胁迫过程中起着非常重要的作用。蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酶催化的蛋白质磷酸化和去磷酸化是植物体内存在的最普遍且最重要的信号转导调节方式。其中,蛋白激酶的主要作用是将ATP或GTP上的γ磷酸基团转移到特定的底物蛋白上,使蛋白磷酸化,被磷酸化的蛋白发挥相应的生理功能。近年来,利用生物技术和基因工程等手段从细胞、分子水平上研究有关蛋白激酶的抗逆机理,通过基因沉默、基因过表达等策略提高植物的抗逆性成为国内外抗逆分子生物学与分子育种学研究的热点。本文主要对植物蛋白激酶在介导非生物胁迫和激素信号通路中的作用进行综述,为进一步研究植物蛋白激酶功能提供有价值的信息。

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, high salt, and low temperature, have a strong impact on crop growth and development and yield production. Plants gradually formed special capacity to rapidly perceive and adapt to exter- nal stimuli in the long-term evolution process,in which plant protein kinases play very important roles. Protein kinase and protein phosphatase catalyzing phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are ones of the most common and most important ways in signal transduction regulation in plants. And, the main effect of protein kinase is phosphorylating proteins by transferring 7-groups from ATP or GTP to a specific substrate protein, and then phosphorylated proteins play the corresponding physiological function. In recent years,research on mechanism of protein kinases by using bio-technology and genetic engineering resistance of plants via silencing or over-expressing genes has become a hot spot in molecular biology and molecular breeding. This article mainly summarizes the role of plant protein kinases in media- ting abiotic stress and hormones, and will provide useful information for further research on plant protein kinase