列车车载天线电磁特性及耦合度仿真研究

Simulation and Research on Electromagnetic Character and Coupling Degree of Train Antennas

天线电磁特性及耦合干扰是列车通信系统电磁兼容性设计的关键问题。建立列车车体与天线的一体化模型,利用有限元数值分析对模型上GSM和GPS天线的电磁特性与天线间的耦合度进行了仿真,通过仿真得到系统最佳耦合性的车体尺寸与天线安装位置。结果表明,正常工作的发射天线其电压驻波比和天线耦合度均值均优于工程应用指标。分析过程和所得结论能为列车天线系统的电磁兼容性设计提供参考。

Antennas electromagnetic character and coupling interference are key problems about EMC design in train communi- cation system. An integrated model of train and antennas was constructed, and then the GSM/GPS antennas electromagnetic character and coupling interference were simulated using finite element numerical analysis. The train size and antennas position were obtained with the optimal system coupling by simulation. Results show that the voltage standing wave ratio of transmit- ting antenna of normally working and average of coupling degree are better than those of engineering application index require- ment. The analysis process and simulation results can provide reference for EMC design of train antenna system.