中国近代留学教育与中国高等教育近代化

Discoursing the Modern Chinese Overseas Education and the Modernization of the Higher Education in China

晚清政府在军事和外交上的失利 ,洋务运动和变法维新的兴起 ,科举制度废除和新教育的开始 ,海外留学政策的演变等动因的交互作用 ,使中国近代留学教育得以肇始和发展 ,并相继产生了三次留学高潮。持续不断的留学教育为我国高等教育的发展作出了重要贡献 ,对中国高等教育的近代化 1 产生了积极而深远的影响。从近代高等教育的人力和组织保障到高等教育理论体系的构建 ,从适合中国国情教育模式的探索到高等教育制度体系的建立 ,都无不与近代留学教育密切相关。

The modern Chinese overseas education has initiated, developed, and reached three successive climaxes resulted from the military and diplomatic setbacks of the late Qing Dynasty, the rise of the Westernization Movement and the Hundred Days Reform, the abolishment of the Imperial Examination System, the establishment of the new education and the evolution of overseas education policy interacted with one another. The continuous overseas education has made great contributions to the development of the higher education in China and has exerted a positive, far reaching influence on it. The guarantee of manpower and organization for the modern higher education, the establishment of the higher education theoretical system, the research on the educational mode fit for the national conditions and the establishment of the higher education system are all closely related to the modern overseas education.