济南市3～6岁儿童患龋风险预测及影响因素分析

A caries risk assessment and influencing factor analysis of 3-6 year-old children in Ji'nan

目的调查济南市3~6岁儿童的患龋情况,应用Cariogram软件筛选出龋病的高危人群,并分析龋病的影响因素。方法随机抽取济南市5所幼儿园3~6岁健康儿童493人,进行口腔检查、龋活性检测和口腔健康问卷调查,数据输入Cariogram软件进行龋危预测,并将受检者分为患龋高风险组和低风险组。评估儿童龋病的风险因素并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 493名儿童患龋率67.95%,龋均3.45。高风险组患龋率明显高于低风险组。高风险组不良饮食习惯、变形链球菌计数和菌斑指数明显高于低风险组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组唾液流量和缓冲能力无显著差异。结论济南市3~6岁儿童患龋率较高,临床工作中应加强口腔卫生宣教、控制菌斑量、减少糖摄入,以期降低儿童患龋风险。

Objective To investigate the status of deciduous caries in 3-6 year-old children in Jinan, Shan dong Province, China; and to assess the caries risk of children using Cariogram software to analyze the factors affecting the caries rate. Methods 493 healthy children from 5 kindergartens in Jinan city were randomly selected for the study. Various caries risk factors were collected by oral exam- ination, caries activity detection and a dietary questionnaire. And then the data were analyzed and all patients were divided into the higher risk group and the lower risk group by Cariogram software. Statistical analysis was carried out to analyze the risk factors of caries. Results The prevalence of dental caries in 3-6 year-old children of Jinan city was 67.95%, DMFT 3.45.The higher risk group was 74. 84% of the total, and possessed more Mutans streptococci counts, high plaque index, high carbonhydrate diets compared with lower caries risk group and the differences were statistically significant, but secretion rate and buffer capacity were not significantly different. Conclusions The prevalence of dental caries in 3-6 year-old children in Jinan city is high. Rigid oral hygiene protocols, controlling the dental plaque and sugar intake are needed to prevent deciduous caries.