广西医疗卫生资源配置的空间分布及聚集性分析

Spatial distribution and clustering analysis of the health resource allocation in Guangxi

目的:探讨广西县级医疗卫生资源配置的空间分布及聚集性,为卫生资源优化配置提供参考。方法:运用反距离加权(inverse distance weighted,IDW)插值法、Moran’s I空间自相关分析和Getis-Ord Gi*热点分析方法对2014年广西县级医疗卫生资源配置数据进行空间分析。结果:广西医疗卫生资源在城中区、青秀区、鱼峰区、象山区、右江区周边县(区)配置较高,分别以这些区域为中心向四周辐射降低。空间自相关分析结果表明医疗机构床位配置呈正相关,卫生技术人员和执业(助理)医师配置在总体上无聚集现象,但存在局部医疗卫生资源配置不均衡现象。结论:广西医疗卫生资源配置水平较低,存在空间分布不平衡、城乡差距明显等特点,其中医疗机构床位配置公平性优于医疗卫生人力资源配置。应进一步加大卫生资源投入力度,提高医疗卫生资源配置水平,缩小城乡差距。

Objective： To explore the spatial distribution and clustering of the county-level health resource allocation in Guangxi, and to provide reference for the optimal allocation of health resources. Methods： Inverse distance weighted interpolation method（ IDW ）, Moran＇s I spatial autocorrelation analysis and Getis-Ord Gi＊ hotspot analysis were used to conduct spatial analysis on the allocation data of Guangxi county-level health resources in 2014. Results： The allocation of health resources in Shanghai was higher in Chengzhong District, Qingxiu District, Yufeng District, Xiangshang District, Youjiang District and the surrounding counties/districts, respectively. The health resources were centered in those regions, radiated to the nearby regions and their allocation became lower. The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the configuration of hospital beds was positively correlated and the allocation of health technicians and practicing（ assistant ） doctors had no clustering phenomenon, but there was a misdistribution of local health resource allocation. Conclusion： The allocation of health resources in Guangxi had the feature of imbalance of spatial distribution and disparity between urban and rural areas, and the level of the health resource allocation is relatively low. The allocation of hospital beds is better than that of health human resources in Guangxi. It is suggested to increase the input of the health resources to improve the level of health resource allocation, and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas.