宁波市无偿献血人群乙型肝炎病毒核酸检测卫生经济学评价

Health economics evaluation on nucleic acid test for screening hepatitis B virus(HBV)among volunteer unpaid blood donors in Ningbo

目的:评价无偿献血人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)核酸检测的卫生经济学可行性,为制定血液安全策略提供科学依据。方法:采用卫生经济学的成本-效果、成本-效用和成本-效益分析,估算在无偿献血人群血液筛查加入核酸检测后产生的效果、效用及效益。结果:2011—2015年宁波市无偿献血人群HBV核酸检测阳性率为0.17%。HBV核酸检测避免1例感染的成本为23 643.1元,每挽回1个伤残调整生命年(DALY)的成本是2 903.5元,每投入1元可挽回国内生产总值损失35.2元、可挽回个人收入损失14.3元。结论:在无偿献血人群开展核酸检测是可行的,具有经济效益和社会效益。

Objective： To assess the feasibility of nucleic acid test （ NAT ） for screening HBV among volunteer unpaid blood donors on health economics and provide reference for blood safety strategies. Methods： The cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis and cost-benefit analysis were adopted to estimate the effectiveness, utilities and benefits of NAT among volunteer unpaid blood donors. Results： The HBV NAT positive rate was 0.17% among volunteer unpaid blood donors in Ningbo from 2011 to 2015. The preventive cost per avoiding a hepatitis-B patient was 23 643.1 yuan, the cost per DALY saved was 2 903.5 yuan. NAT would save gross domestic product（ GDP ） 35.2 yuan and personal income 14.3 yuan per input one yuan. Conclusion： It＇s feasible to implement NAT for screening HBV among volunteer unpaid blood donors with significantly social and economic benefits.