2000—2013年山东省耕地资源时空格局演变研究

Study on Temporal Spatial Pattern of Cultivated Land Resources in Shandong Province during 2000—2013

耕地是指种植农作物的土地,是人类赖以生存的基本资源和条件。利用《山东统计年鉴(2001—2015)》数据,运用GIS技术对山东省耕地资源的时空分布格局进行了研究,结果表明:2000—2013年间的耕地面积整体上呈上升趋势,分为衰减和调整两个阶段,2012年以后耕地面积有回落的趋势,值得重视;从耕地资源的阶段特征分布来看,全省耕地资源呈现西多东少的特点,土地垦殖率的增长呈现向东拓展的趋势;从耕地资源的整体特征分布来看,2000—2013年间山东省耕地面积年均增长率1.11%,鲁中南地区年均增长率稍快达1.45%,鲁西北地区土地垦殖率最高为60.03%,耕地面积最广的是潍坊市,土地垦殖率最大的是聊城市,土地垦殖率为67.10%,大约2/3的国土为耕地。

Cultivated land is the land for growing crops and a basic resource for human survival conditions. In this paper, the pattern of temporal and spatial distribution of cultivated land resources in Shandong province has been studied by using the Shandong Statistical Yearbook （2001-2015） data and GIS technology. It is showed that the cultivated area during the period of 2000-2013 is on the rise as a whole, which is divided into two stages of decay and adjustment. Cultivated land has a tendency to fall after 2012, which is worthy of attention. From the point of view of the stage characteristics of cultivated land resources, the cultivated land resources of the whole province present the characteristics of the west more eastern less and the land reclamation rate of growth shows the trend of expansion to the East. From the point of view of the whole distribution of cultivated land resources, the average annual growth rate of cultivated land area in Shandong Province during 2000-2013 is 1.11%, the average annual growth rate of south region of Shandong is up to 1.45% slightly, and land reclamation rate is up to 60.03%, the highest in the northwest of Shandong. Cultivated land area is the most widely in Weifang city. The colonization rate of Liaocheng city is the biggest, which is 67.10%, and about 2/3 of the land is cultivated land.