《中阿含经》原语问题之考察

Underlying Language of the Chinese Translation of the Madhyama-gama

《中阿含经》(《大正藏》第一卷,No.26)的印度原本是由一位来自喀什米尔的僧人僧迦罗刹(Samgharaksa)吟诵,由另一位喀什米尔僧人瞿昙僧迦提婆(Gautama Samghadeva)于397—398年译为汉语的。对这部经中的音译词进行分析后,我得出的结论是,僧迦罗刹于四世纪末吟诵的印度原本即使仍包含很多犍陀罗语以及其他口语元素,但已在很大程度上梵语化了。

The Indic original of the Madhyama-agama presently included in the Chinese Buddhist Canon （ 中阿含经, T26 ） was recited in an Indic language by a monk from Kashmir, and then translated into Chinese by another Kashmirian monk in 397-398 C.E. An analysis of the transliterations found in the Chinese translation of the Madhyama-agama points to the conclusion that the Indic original, recited by Samgharaks.a at the end of the fourth century, might have been much Sanskritised, though containing elements of Gandhari and other Prakrits.