低负荷延迟焦化装置掺炼三泥的问题分析及对策

Analysis of problems in recycling oil sludge in low-load delayed coking units and solutions

中国石油化工股份有限公司洛阳分公司焦化装置由于原料不足负荷降为原来的64%(进料量为90 t/h),每个生焦周期只能掺炼三泥8 t,随着掺炼三泥量的逐渐增加,出现了焦炭和冷焦水臭味大、冷焦水中油含量增加的现象。分析认为主要原因是焦炭塔的热量不够,把三泥注入节点由给水初期改为大吹汽中后期,借助装置的大吹汽节能系统,使三泥和140℃凝结水在平衡管中混合后进入焦炭塔进行掺炼,成功解决了掺炼三泥量增加与掺炼三泥造成二次污染的矛盾,同时也避免了处理过程中因三泥泵断量引发泡沫层回流或颗粒浮渣沉降堵塞生焦孔的难题。每个生焦周期掺炼三泥量可以达到23 t,有效解决了三泥处理的环保难题,增加经济效益达26万元/a。

Due to the short supply of feedstock, the operating capacity of the delayed coking unit （90 t/h） has to be reduced to the 64% of the original. 8 tons of Qil sludge were blended into the feed in each coking cy- cle. With increasing addition of oil sludge, the bad odor of coke and coke cooling water occurred and oil in coke cooling water was increased. The analysis concluded that the main cause was the insufficient heat in co- king tower. After Changing the stage of injecting oil sludge from the early stage of the feed water to the middle or late stages of the big blow and with the help of energy saving system of big blow, the oil sludge and 140 % condensate are mixed in the in the balance pipe and flow to the coking tower for processing. This not only has solved the problems of amount of oil sludge to be processed and secondary pollution by oil sludges but also has avoided the difficulties of coke pore clogging when the sludge pump has no flow. The oil sludge blending can be as high as 23 tons in each coking cycle. The difficuh problems of sludge oil treatment have been effectively solved and economic benefit increase is 260,000 Yuan/yr.