血液透析患者动静脉内瘘失功风险因素预处理体系的应用研究

Application of pretreatment system for the risk factors of dysfunction in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula

目的分析血液透析患者动静脉内瘘失功风险因素预处理体系的应用效果。方法笔者所在医院自2014年6月起将失功风险因素预处理体系应用于血液透析患者动静脉内瘘维护中，选取2013年6月─2014年5月（应用前）于我院接受维持性血液透析患者50例为对照组，2014年6月—2015年5月（应用后）接受同类维持性血液透析患者46例为试验组，比较两组维持性血液透析患者干预后各相关指标的差异。结果试验组维持性血液透析患者干预后的动静脉内瘘相关并发症发生率和内瘘失功率均低于对照组，而其生活质量评分高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论将失功风险因素预处理体系应用于血液透析患者动静脉内瘘维护中，在降低该类患者动静脉内瘘相关并发症发生率和内瘘失功风险、改善其生活质量方面具有积极效应。

Objective To analyze the application effect of pretreatment system for the risk factors of dysfunction in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula. Methods The pretreatment system for the risk factors of dysfunction was used in the maintenance practice of hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula in our hospital since June 2014. Totally 50 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis from June 2013 to May 2014 in our hospital were selected as the control group, and 46 patients with similar practice from June 2014 to May 2015 were selected as the experimental group. The differences in related indexes between two groups after intervention were compared. Results The incidence of complications related to arteriovenous fistula, and the dysfunction rate of internal fistula in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group. However, the score of quality of life in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group （P〈 0.05）. Conclusions The application of pretreatment system fur the risk factors of dysfunction in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula can significantly reduce the incidence of complications and the risk of fistula dysfunction, and improve patients＇ quality of life.