辽代捺钵考

A Textual Research of Nabo Places in the Liao Dynasty

辽代捺钵地的变化可以分为三个时期。前期,太祖、太宗时期,四时捺钵的迁徙路线大体呈西北—东南走向。中期,世宗至圣宗前期,除秋捺钵大体呈西移趋势之外,其他三季捺钵地皆南移,四时捺钵的迁徙路线基本呈南—北走向。后期,圣宗后期至辽末,春捺钵北移至松嫩合流处诸湖泊,夏捺钵与前期在同一地理范围,秋捺钵或与夏捺钵同地,或在平地松林及炭山,冬捺钵多在永州广平淀,四时捺钵的迁徙路线变为东北—西南走向。这种变化的主要原因应与过渡开发导致的契丹故地自然环境的恶化有关。

The changes of Nabo places in the Liao Dynasty can be divided into three periods. The first period was the period of emperor Taizu and Taizong. The migration routes of four - season Nabo were roughly in the northwest - southeast direc-tion. The second period was from emperor Shizong to the first stage of emperor Shengzong. Except autumn Nabo generally showed a trend of moving westward,the other three seasons Nabo place moved southward. The migration routes of four - seasonNabo were basically in the north - south direction. The last period was from the late stage of emperor Shengzong to the end of Liao Dynasty. Spring Nabo moved northward to the confluence of the Songhua River and Nen River, summer Nabo shared the same geographical scope with the early period ; autumn Nabo either remained in the place of summer Nabo or on the ground of pine forests and Carbon Mountain,winter Nabo was mainly in Guangping lake of Yongzhou.The migration routes of four-season Nabo places were roughly in the northeast - southwest direction. The main reasons for this change should be concerned with deterioration of the natural environment in the old haunt of Qidan caused by over - exploitation.