新疆葡萄新害虫——绿长突叶蝉主要生物学特性

The biological characteristics of the newly pest Batracomorphus pandarus Knight in Xinjiang grape orchards

【目的】绿长突叶蝉是中国新纪录种,是危害新疆葡萄生产的新害虫,为明确其生物学特性,进行了调查研究。【方法】田间定点调查,悬挂粘虫板、糖醋液诱集,结合室内饲养观察等方法。【结果】室内饲养表明,若虫共5龄,各龄期的平均发育历期分别为3.88、6.31、5.16、5.28、7.00 d;雌、雄成虫平均寿命分别为9.5和6.4 d。田间观察表明,绿长突叶蝉以卵在寄主葡萄上越冬,在新疆玛纳斯一年发生3代,越冬代卵于4月底开始孵化,5月下旬越冬代开始孵化为成虫;第1代卵从6月中旬开始孵化,7月中旬若虫开始羽化;第2代从8月初开始,一直持续到10月底;成虫主要在夜晚21点至23点及凌晨6点至8点活动。【结论】绿长突叶蝉一年发生3代,以卵越冬;若虫共5龄,具有较强的趋嫩性;成虫有较强的趋黄性,一定的趋光性,趋蓝性较弱,对糖醋液无趋性。试验结果可为葡萄安全生产,防治绿长突叶蝉提供理论依据。

【 Aim】 Batracomorphus pandarus Knight is a newdy recorded grape pest in China. In order to understand its biological characteristics,field laboratory studies were carried out.【 Method】 Field investigations using sticky traps and sugar-vinegar mixture for trapping,＂were combined ＂with laboratory rear ing.【 Result】 The average nymphal developmental duration of each instar w,as 3.88, 6.31, 5.1 6, 5.28 and 7.00 d, respectively. The average life expectancy of adults was 9.5 d （？） and 6.4 d （ 6 ） . Field studies show,ed that eggs overwintered on vines. pandarus has 3 generations per year in Manas area. Overwintering eggs began to hatch in late April and developed to adults by late May. The first generation eggs started to hatch in the middle of June and nymph eclosion began in mid-July. The second generations hatched in early August,and continued to develop until the end of October. The adults moved mostly in the evening （21：00-23：00） and in early morning,from 6：00 to 8：00 a.m..【 Conclusion】B. pandarus had 3 gen-erations per year and eggs overwintered. Nymphs had 5 instars and preferred to feed on tender leaves. Adults had strong yellow-taxis and weaker blue-taxis,but were not attracted to sugar-vinegar mixture. The results can provide scientific basis for B. pandarus con-trol ,promoting safety in grape production.